TY - JOUR AU - Olivas-Quintero, Sandra AU - Bernal-Reynaga, Rodolfo AU - Lopez-Saucedo, Catalina AU - Maldonado-Puga, Samantha AU - Díaz-Camacho, Sylvia Paz AU - Uribe-Carvajal, Salvador AU - Delgado-Vargas, Francisco AU - Estrada-Garcia, Teresa PY - 2022/01/31 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - Bacteriostatic effect of Echeveria extracts on diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes and non-cytotoxicity on human Caco-2 cells JF - The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries JA - J Infect Dev Ctries VL - 16 IS - 01 SE - Original Articles DO - 10.3855/jidc.15125 UR - https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/35192532 SP - 147-156 AB - <p>Introduction: Diarrheagenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> pathotypes are important aetiological agents of diarrhoeal illness among children from less developed areas, worldwide. Diarrheagenic <em>E. coli</em> pathotypes strains are increasingly becoming drug resistant, thus effective and accessible therapeutic alternatives are required for their treatment; herbal extracts may be a potential alternative. Aims: to evaluate <em>Echeveria craigiana, E. kimnachii</em>, and <em>E. subrigida</em> methanol extracts antibacterial effect on six diarrheagenic <em>E. coli</em> reference strains and on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells viability and cytokine production.</p><p>Methodology: Diarrheagenic <em>E. coli</em> pathotypes reference strains: typical enteropathogenic E2348/69, enterotoxigenic H10407, enterohaemorrhagic O157:H7/EDL933, enteroinvasive E11, diffusely adherent C18451-A, and enteroaggregative 042 <em>E. coli</em>. <em>E craigiana, E. kimnachii</em>, and <em>E. subrigida </em>leaves, collected at Sinaloa, Mexico, were freeze-dried and macerated in methanol solvent. Antibacterial activity was determined by a novel method developed in our laboratory, bacterial oxygen consumption by polarographic oxygen electrode technique and membrane integrity by two methods (live/dead and protein leakage assays). Colorectal adenocarcinoma cells viability by MTT assay and cytokine production using a Cytometric Bead Array kit.</p><p>Results: Extracts concentrations of 100 μg/mL and 5-hour incubation, reduced more than 93% the growth of all diarrheagenic <em>E. coli</em> pathotypes tested strains and significantly decreased bacterial oxygen consumption, like bacteriostatic antibiotics. After 24-hour incubation methanol extracts had a differential antibacterial effect on each diarrheagenic <em>E. coli</em> pathotypes strain. <em>Echeveria </em>extracts did not have any effect on viability and cytokine production of colorectal adenocarcinoma cells.</p><p>Conclusions: <em>Echeveria</em> methanol extracts have a bacteriostatic effect on all diarrheagenic <em>E. coli</em> pathotypes strains, thus potentially they could be used as antibacterial agents on diarrheagenic <em>E. coli</em> pathotypes-contaminated products and on patients with diarrheagenic <em>E. coli</em> pathotypes infections.</p> ER -