Review of current in vitro COVID-19 diagnostics methods

Mariam M Al-Omari; Arwa Qaqish; Haya Abdallah Fandi Omeish; Angam Ayyoub Ali Najadat; Fatimah Mahasneh; Mohammad Al-Tamimi; Manal Mohammad Abbas; Khaled Al-Qaoud

doi:10.3855/jidc.16378

Review of current in vitro COVID-19 diagnostics methods

Authors

Mariam M Al-Omari Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
Arwa Qaqish Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1228-961X
Haya Abdallah Fandi Omeish King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, Jordan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8078-185X
Angam Ayyoub Ali Najadat Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
Fatimah Mahasneh Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8799-2721
Mohammad Al-Tamimi Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7486-4192
Manal Mohammad Abbas Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
Khaled Al-Qaoud Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8190

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.16378

Keywords:

COVID-19, molecular assay, antigen, diagnostic tests

Abstract

The diagnosis of COVID-19 is considered a significant step in the management of the disease that is causing a major worldwide public health challenge from the time of its emergence in December 2019. Since it has been established that SARS-CoV-2 spreads rapidly, timely detection of the positive cases and isolation of such individuals and their contacts helps in containing viral transmission. In this paper, we review the in vitro technology platforms for testing and diagnosing COVID-19 patients: molecular tests, rapid antigen tests, and serology tests. As part of our review of each category of tests, we discuss the commercialized testing platforms, their analyzing systems, specimen collection protocols, and testing methodologies. Moreover, the efficacy and limitations of each technique are also discussed. The key structural components of the virus are presented to provide an understanding of the scientific principles behind the testing tools.

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Published

2022-09-30

How to Cite

Al-Omari MM, Qaqish A, Omeish HAF, Najadat AAA, Mahasneh F, Al-Tamimi M, Abbas MM, Al-Qaoud K (2022) Review of current in vitro COVID-19 diagnostics methods. J Infect Dev Ctries 16:1376–1384. doi: 10.3855/jidc.16378

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Issue

Vol. 16 No. 09: September 2022

Section

Coronavirus Pandemic

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