Antimicrobial profile of essential oils extracted from wild versus cultivated Origanum ehrenberjii against enteric bacteria

Elie K Barbour; Samar K Dankar; Houssam A Shaib; Taha Kumosani; Esam Azhar; Saad Masaudi; Archana Iyer; Steve Harakeh

doi:10.3855/jidc.4774

Antimicrobial profile of essential oils extracted from wild versus cultivated Origanum ehrenberjii against enteric bacteria

Authors

Elie K Barbour Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences (FAFS), American University of Beirut (AUB), P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon
Samar K Dankar Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences (FAFS), American University of Beirut (AUB), P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon
Houssam A Shaib Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences (FAFS), American University of Beirut (AUB), P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon
Taha Kumosani King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Esam Azhar King Fahd Medical Research Center; King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Saad Masaudi King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Archana Iyer King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Steve Harakeh King Fahd Medical Research Center; King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.4774

Keywords:

Antimicrobials, Carvacrol, Enterococcus feacalis, para Cymene safety, Salmonella Typhyimurium, γ-Terpinene, Thymol

Abstract

Introduction: The role of Origanum ehrenberjii against bacteria that cause enteric diseases is well known. Salmonella and Enterococcus cause high rates of enteric infections around the world. The aim of this study was to extract essential oils from cultivated and naturally growing O. ehrenberjii, compare the chemical profiles of the extracts and estimate their antimicrobial efficacy against enteric pathogens.

Methodology: Sixteen compounds were recovered consistently from essential oils extracted from O. ehrenberjii of wild and cultivated origin. The chemical profiles were determined using GC-MS. Safety of the essential oils was determined by observing mortality of chicks after intramuscular administration of the oils. The antimicrobial efficacy of the oils against the enteric pathogens was determined by the Kirby-Bauer Single Disk Diffusion assay.

Results: The levels of thymol, carvacrol, para cymene and γ-terpinene were significantly different in the two oils. A significant difference in in vitro antimicrobial activity of the two oils against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was observed. Intramuscular administration of the two oils in one day-old chicks resulted in significant differences in mortality of 60% vs. 5% (p < 0.05) for wild and cultivated herbs respectively, reflecting the higher safety of the cultivated herb due to the differences in the levels of certain active ingredients.

Conclusions: The chemical profile of essential oil of wild vs. cultivated O. ehrenberjii differ significantly at compound level, suggesting the reason for their significant difference in efficacy against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and also significant differences in the toxicity of the two oils.

Author Biography

Saad Masaudi, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Biology Department

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Published

2014-10-15

How to Cite

Barbour EK, Dankar SK, Shaib HA, Kumosani T, Azhar E, Masaudi S, Iyer A, Harakeh S (2014) Antimicrobial profile of essential oils extracted from wild versus cultivated Origanum ehrenberjii against enteric bacteria. J Infect Dev Ctries 8:1344–1349. doi: 10.3855/jidc.4774

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Issue

Vol. 8 No. 10: October 2014

Section

Brief Original Articles

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