Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis in patients with diabetes

Abstract

Introduction: We report the clinical and radiological features as well as outcomes of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis in patients with diabetes from a tertiary care center in North India.

Methodology: All patients admitted with a diagnosis of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis with pre-existing or newly diagnosed diabetes from 1st January 2008 to 31^st December 2015 were included. Hospital records were used to identify clinical features, biochemical investigations and treatment modalities used. The imaging findings were reported at baseline, 30, 60,90 and 120 days of admission and progression of disease was reported as static, worse or improved. The outcomes were sight loss and survival at end of hospital stay.

Results: 22 patients of invasive fungal sinusitis and diabetes were identified. At presentation, 5 had ketoacidosis, all of whom died at the end of hospital stay. Loss of vision in one eye was seen in 70% cases. The survival at end of hospital stay was 72.7% and at six months after end of study period was 57.8%. No patients had radiological improvement at day 30 imaging (including those who subsequently improved).

Conclusion: Radiological improvement is not apparent before two months of therapy. Ketoacidosis is a predictor of mortality in invasive fungal sinusitis with diabetes.