Antibiotic resistance, virulence factors and genotyping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in public hospitals of northeastern Mexico

Authors

  • Eliab M González-Olvera Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México
  • Rebeca Pérez-Morales Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México
  • Alberto González Zamora Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México
  • Graciela Castro-Escarpulli Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
  • Ingrid Palma-Martínez Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
  • José J Alba-Romero Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.10953

Keywords:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antibiotic resistance, ERIC-PCR, virulence factors

Abstract

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the second most prevalent opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infections in Mexico. This study evaluated antibiotic resistance, production of virulence factors and clonal diversity of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients undergoing nosocomial infections in public hospitals of northeastern Mexico.

Methodology: Ninety-two P. aeruginosa isolates from urine culture, Foley catheter, ear, wounds, respiratory tract secretions, scalp, blood culture, bronchoalveolar lavage, expectoration and cerebrospinal fluid causing nosocomial infections were analyzed. The isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF and antibiotic resistance profiles obtained by MicroScan®. The production of virulence factors was analyzed with spectrophotometric techniques and isolates genotyped by ERIC-PCR.

Results: Out of the 92 isolates, 26 (28.2%) were found to be multidrug resistant (MDR); 21 (22.7%) were classified as extremely drug resistant (XDR). Highest resistance rate was found for gatifloxacin (42%) while ciprofloxacin accounted for the antibiotic with the lowest resistance rate (2%). Bronchoalveolar lavage isolates produced the highest amounts of virulence factors: biofilm (44.4% ± 2.7%), elastase (58.5% ± 4.3%), alkaline protease (60.1% ± 5.0%); except for pyocyanin production. The ERIC-PCR assay showed 83 genetic patterns (90% clonal diversity) and 13 isolates had 100% genetic similarity, forming 4 real clones, 3 of these clones were obtained from different anatomical site and/or hospital.

Conclusions: Antibiotic resistance and virulence factors production was heterogeneous among samples analyzed. Genotyping of P. aeruginosa strains showed high genetic diversity in the studied isolates.

Author Biographies

Eliab M González-Olvera, Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México

Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México.

Alberto González Zamora, Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México

Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México.

Graciela Castro-Escarpulli, Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México

Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Ciudad de México, México.

Ingrid Palma-Martínez, Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México

Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Ciudad de México, México.

José J Alba-Romero, Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México

Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México.

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Published

2019-05-31

How to Cite

1.
González-Olvera EM, Pérez-Morales R, González Zamora A, Castro-Escarpulli G, Palma-Martínez I, Alba-Romero JJ (2019) Antibiotic resistance, virulence factors and genotyping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in public hospitals of northeastern Mexico. J Infect Dev Ctries 13:374–383. doi: 10.3855/jidc.10953

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 05: May 2019

Section

Original Articles

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