Clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with severe disease and outcome of patients with COVID-19

Authors

  • Ayse Serra Ozel Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2111-1183
  • Lutfiye Nilsun Altunal Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4794-9283
  • Mehtap Aydin Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4044-9366
  • Busra Unal Department of General Practice and Primary Care, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2056-2604
  • Gulsum Cam Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9776-8475
  • Merve Caglar Ozer Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-6726
  • Volkan Korten Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9991-814X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.15411

Keywords:

COVID-19, Mortality, Outcome

Abstract

Introduction: Since the beginning of the pandemic, factors associated with mortality in patients with corona virus infection disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been investigated. Comorbidities and increased age have been frequently reported to be associated with mortality. We aimed to evaluate the factors associated with unfavorable outcome of patients with COVID-19 at an early period of the pandemic.

Methodology: This single center, retrospective, observational study was conducted among laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients hospitalized between March 11 and May 5, 2020, at Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. The effects of the severity of illness, comorbidities, symptoms, and laboratory findings on the clinical outcome were evaluated. Factors associated with unfavorable outcome (necessity of mechanical ventilation or death) were examined using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results: Out of a total of 728 patients, 53.8% were men and median age 54 years. The 30-day mortality rate was 4.9% among all hospitalized patients. A logistic regression model identified six predictors of unfavorable clinical outcome: age, severity of illness, the numbers of comorbidities, lymphopenia, high levels of C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin.

Conclusions: The mortality rate was lower among the patients with COVID-19, hospitalized during the early period of the pandemic. Older age, higher severity score on admission, the numbers of comorbidities, higher levels of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and lymphopenia were identified to be associated with unfavorable outcome of the hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Author Biographies

Ayse Serra Ozel, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology

Lutfiye Nilsun Altunal, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology

Mehtap Aydin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

Busra Unal, Department of General Practice and Primary Care, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

Department of General Practice and Primary Care

Gulsum Cam, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology

Merve Caglar Ozer, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Science, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology

Volkan Korten, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey

Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology

Downloads

Published

2022-03-31

How to Cite

1.
Ozel AS, Altunal LN, Aydin M, Unal B, Cam G, Caglar Ozer M, Korten V (2022) Clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with severe disease and outcome of patients with COVID-19. J Infect Dev Ctries 16:435–444. doi: 10.3855/jidc.15411

Issue

Section

Coronavirus Pandemic

Similar Articles

1 2 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.