The association of ABO blood group distribution and clinical characteristics in patients with SARS-CoV-2

Saifadin Khder Mustafa; Shaaban Zrar Omar; Kewan Kamal Ahmad; Lana Basil Khudhur

doi:10.3855/jidc.17430

The association of ABO blood group distribution and clinical characteristics in patients with SARS-CoV-2

Authors

Saifadin Khder Mustafa Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region- F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-392X
Shaaban Zrar Omar Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region- F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-2421
Kewan Kamal Ahmad Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region- F.R. Iraq
Lana Basil Khudhur Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University in Erbil, Erbil, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.17430

Keywords:

COVID-19, SARS‐CoV‐2, ABO blood group, clinical characteristics

Abstract

Introduction: SARS-COV-2, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, has become a life-threatening public health crisis. This kind of pandemic is frightening the world with clinical, psychological, and emotional distress and leading to an economic slowdown. To explore any association between the ABO blood type and the susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we compared ABO blood group distribution among 671 COVID-19 patients with the local control population.

Methodology: The study was conducted in Blood Bank Hospital in Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The ABO-typed blood samples were obtained from 671 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 between February and June 2021.

Results: Our results demonstrated that the risk of SARS-COV-2 was higher for patients with blood group A than those with not-A blood type patients. Of the 671 patients with COVID-19, 301 had type A (44.86%), 232 had type B (34.58%), 53 had type AB blood (7.9%), and 85 had type O (12.67%).

Conclusions: We concluded that the Rh-negative blood type has a protective effect on SARS-COV-2. Our results also indicate that the decreased susceptibility of individuals with blood group O and the increased susceptibility of individuals with blood group A to COVID-19 could be linked to the presence of natural anti-blood group antibodies, particularly anti-A antibody, in the blood. However, there might be other mechanisms that require further study.

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Published

2023-01-31

How to Cite

Khder Mustafa S, Zrar Omar S, Kamal Ahmad K, Basil Khudhur L (2023) The association of ABO blood group distribution and clinical characteristics in patients with SARS-CoV-2. J Infect Dev Ctries 17:18–22. doi: 10.3855/jidc.17430

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Issue

Vol. 17 No. 01: January 2023

Section

Coronavirus Pandemic

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