Comparison of tea tree oil 5%, tea tree oil 10%, and nystatin inhibition zones against vaginal Candida isolates in pregnancy

Evy Ervianti; Damayanti; Indah Purnamasari; Linda Astari; Budi Prasetyo; Pepy D Endraswari; Budi Utomo; Endang Wahyu Fitriani; Diah Mira Indramaya; M Yulianto Listiawan; Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa

doi:10.3855/jidc.16761

Comparison of tea tree oil 5%, tea tree oil 10%, and nystatin inhibition zones against vaginal Candida isolates in pregnancy

Authors

Evy Ervianti Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2443-014X
Damayanti Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Indah Purnamasari Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7519-583X
Linda Astari Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Budi Prasetyo Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7237-9959
Pepy D Endraswari Department Medical of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia / Dr. Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Budi Utomo Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6060-9190
Endang Wahyu Fitriani Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3441-3570
Diah Mira Indramaya Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
M Yulianto Listiawan Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.16761

Keywords:

Vulvovaginal candidiasis, tea tree oil, nystatin, inhibition zone, sexual and reproductive health care

Abstract

Introduction: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in pregnancy frequently develops into recurrent infections. Clinical study suggests that conventional topical treatments for VVC are not always enough to eradicate Candida spp. from the vaginal microenvironment. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of tea tree oil (TTO) 5% and TTO 10% against Candida species causing VVC in pregnancy.

Methodology: In vitro experimental study was conducted in the Mycology Laboratory at Dermatovenereology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Eighteen isolates of Candida species were isolated from the vaginal thrush of 15 pregnant women diagnosed with VVC from March to May 2021. Antifungal susceptibility of TTO 5% and TTO 10% was evaluated by the disc diffusion method, with the inhibitory zone diameter as the main outcome.

Results: The mean inhibitory zone diameter of TTO 5%, TTO 10%, and nystatin against all Candida spp. was 7.26 mm, 8.64 mm, and 25.57 mm, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean inhibitory zone diameter of TTO 5%, TTO 10%, and nystatin tend to be larger in C. albicans compared to the non-albicans, but the difference is not significant. Nystatin displayed the largest mean inhibitory zone diameters compared to TTO 5% and TTO 10% (p < 0.001) in all Candida species. Increased concentration from TTO 5% to TTO 10% resulted in a slight increment in the mean inhibitory zone diameters in all-Candida species (p = 0.001).

Conclusions: Tea Tree Oil displayed antifungal activity against Candida species causing VVC in pregnancy. Further studies are required to investigate optimal TTO concentrations as a VVC treatment in pregnancy.

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Published

2023-03-31

How to Cite

Ervianti E, Damayanti, Purnamasari I, Astari L, Prasetyo B, Endraswari PD, Utomo B, Fitriani EW, Indramaya DM, Listiawan MY, Sigit Prakoeswa CR (2023) Comparison of tea tree oil 5%, tea tree oil 10%, and nystatin inhibition zones against vaginal Candida isolates in pregnancy. J Infect Dev Ctries 17:353–358. doi: 10.3855/jidc.16761

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Issue

Vol. 17 No. 03: March 2023

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Original Articles

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Copyright (c) 2023 Evy Ervianty, Damayanti, Indah Purnamasari, Linda Astari, Budi Prasetyo, Pepy D. Endraswari, Budi Utomo, Endang Wahyu Fitriani, Diah Mira Indramaya, M. Yulianto Listiawan, Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa

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