Factors associated with multibacillary leprosy in a region of northeastern Brazil

Authors

  • Janiel Conceição da Silva Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9810-0322
  • Rayanne Alves de Oliveira Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-4065
  • Lívia Fernanda Siqueira Santos Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
  • Livia Maia Pascoal Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
  • Floriacy Stabnow Santos Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7840-7642
  • Ana Cristina Pereira de Jesus Costa Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
  • Ismália Cassandra Costa Maia Dias Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9203-0869
  • Isaura Leticia Tavares Palmeira Rolim Nursing Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
  • Iolanda Graepp Fontoura Center of Social Sciences, Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9201-480X
  • Ariadne Siqueira de Araujo Gordon Center of Social Sciences, Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
  • Jaisane Santos Melo Lobato Center of Social Sciences, Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3610-7753
  • Francisca Aline Arrais Sampaio Santos Center of Social Sciences, Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4763-2537
  • Janaína Miranda Bezerra Center of Social Sciences, Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4799-9638
  • Volmar Morais Fontoura Nursing Department, State University of Tocantins, Augustinópolis, Tocantins, Brazil
  • Antônio Carlos Vieira Ramos University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
  • Leonardo Hunaldo dos Santos Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
  • Marcelino Santos Neto Graduate Program in Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6105-1886

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.17284

Keywords:

leprosy, epidemiology, health information systems

Abstract

Introduction: The analysis of factors associated with multibacillary leprosy is important for the development of strategies to mitigate the disease, which persists as a public health problem in Brazil and the world. The objective of this study was to verify the associations between sociodemographic and clinical-epidemiological variables and multibacillary leprosy in the state of northeastern Brazil.

Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, analytical, and retrospective study, with a quantitative approach, carried out in 16 municipalities in the southwest of Maranhão State, northeastern Brazil. All cases of leprosy reported between January 2008 and December 2017 were considered. Sociodemographic and clinical-epidemiological variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The identification of the risk factors associated with multibacillary leprosy was conducted using Poisson regression models. The prevalence ratios and respective 95% confidence intervals were estimated using regression coefficients at a 5% significance level.

Results: A total of 3,903 leprosy cases were analyzed. Individuals older than 15 years, males, with less than 8 years of education, with level I, II, or "not evaluated" disability, and with type 1 or 2 or both reactional states were more likely to have multibacillary leprosy. Therefore, these characteristics may be considered risk factors. No protective factors were identified.

Conclusions: The investigation revealed important associations between risk factors and multibacillary leprosy. The findings can be considered during the creation of strategies to control and combat the disease.

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Published

2023-06-30

How to Cite

1.
da Silva JC, de Oliveira RA, Siqueira Santos LF, Pascoal LM, Santos FS, Pereira de Jesus Costa AC, Costa Maia Dias IC, Tavares Palmeira Rolim IL, Graepp Fontoura I, Siqueira de Araujo Gordon A, Santos Melo Lobato J, Arrais Sampaio Santos FA, Bezerra JM, Fontoura VM, Vieira Ramos AC, Hunaldo dos Santos L, Santos Neto M (2023) Factors associated with multibacillary leprosy in a region of northeastern Brazil. J Infect Dev Ctries 17:846–853. doi: 10.3855/jidc.17284

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 06: June 2023

Section

Original Articles

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Copyright (c) 2023 Marcelino Santos Neto, Janiel Conceição da Silva, Rayanne Alves de Oliveira, Lívia Fernanda Siqueira Santos, Livia Maia Pascoal, Floriacy Stabnow Santos, Ana Cristina Pereira de Jesus Costa, Ismália Cassandra Costa Maia Dias, Isaura Leticia Tavares Palmeira Rolim , Iolanda Graepp Fontoura, Ariadne Siqueira de Araujo Gordon, Jaisane Santos Melo Lobato, Francisca Aline Arrais Sampaio Santos, Janaína Miranda Bezerra, Volmar Morais Fontoura, , Antônio Carlos Vieira Ramos, Leonardo Hunaldo dos Santos

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