Seroprevalence and determinants of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato infection among owned dogs in Ibadan, Nigeria

Lucky Icomiare Adebudo; Sirin Ndiaye; Ikeoluwapo Ajayi; Babasola Oluseyi Olugasa; Piero Bonelli; Emmanuel Jolaoluwa Awosanya

doi:10.3855/jidc.18518

Seroprevalence and determinants of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato infection among owned dogs in Ibadan, Nigeria

Authors

Lucky Icomiare Adebudo Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6012-8109
Sirin Ndiaye Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Ikeoluwapo Ajayi Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Babasola Oluseyi Olugasa Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9004-8942
Piero Bonelli National Reference Laboratory for Cystic Echinococcosis (CeNRE), WOAH Reference Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna (IZS), Sassari, Italy https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4462-8257
Emmanuel Jolaoluwa Awosanya Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.18518

Keywords:

Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, seroprevalence, dogs, Nigeria

Abstract

Introduction: Humans acquire cystic echinococcosis through accidental ingestion of Echinococcus granulosus (EG) eggs released into the environment by infected dogs. This study aimed to determine the presence of EG antibodies and their determinants in owned dogs in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Methodology: Sera from 185 dogs on routine visits to veterinary clinics were analysed by indirect ELISA. A questionnaire was administered to dog owners to obtain data on demographics, management, and environmental factors. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and logistic regression at α_0.05.

Results: The median age of the dogs was 20 months (range 2 – 96). The seroprevalence of EG infection was 33.51% (95% CI: 26.71, 40.32%). Low educational level of dog owners (OR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.3, 5.8); local dog breeds (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.7, 6.0); confinement (OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2, 0.8); interaction with other dogs (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.4, 7.3); self-dewormed dogs (OR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.2, 5.9) and never dewormed dogs (OR: 4.39; CI: 1.9, 10.0) were significantly associated with EG seropositivity. Our results suggest also that local breed of dog (AOR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.2, 4.9), self-deworming of dogs (AOR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.1, 5.9) and the absence of any dog deworming treatment (AOR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.2, 7.1) might be predictive of EG seropositivity.

Conclusions: Our study provides evidence of EG infection in owned dogs, especially in those medicated by owners. Deworming practices should be based on the recommendations of a veterinarian to effectively prevent EG transmission from dogs to humans.

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Published

2023-12-31

How to Cite

Adebudo LI, Ndiaye S, Ajayi I, Olugasa BO, Bonelli P, Awosanya EJ (2023) Seroprevalence and determinants of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato infection among owned dogs in Ibadan, Nigeria. J Infect Dev Ctries 17:1814–1820. doi: 10.3855/jidc.18518

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Issue

Vol. 17 No. 12: December 2023

Section

Original Articles

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