Assessment of the impact of pregnancy and malaria infection on the variation of neutrophil levels in women from San, Mali

Authors

  • Moussa Djimde Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Sciences of Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1820-2917
  • Charles Arama Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Sciences of Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali
  • Bouréma Koné Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Sciences of Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3954-2394
  • Hamadoun Diakité Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Sciences of Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali
  • Mohamed Keita Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Sciences of Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali
  • Mamadou D Samaké Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Sciences of Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali
  • Bréhima Tembely Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Sciences of Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0781-131X
  • Balla Bagayoko Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Sciences of Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6439-4428
  • Mohamed B Traoré Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Sciences of Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2803-4360
  • Japhet K Tshiongo Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Hypolite M Mavoko Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Alassane Dicko Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Sciences of Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali
  • Michel Vaillant Centre of Competence for Methodology and Statistics (CCMS), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4714-8128
  • Petra F Mens Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Academic Medical Centre at the University of Amsterdam (AMC), Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory for Experimental Parasitology, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • Henk DFH Schallig Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Programme, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • Kassoum Kayentao Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Sciences of Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.18409

Keywords:

Neutrophil, pregnancy, malaria, Mali

Abstract

Background: In patients with severe neutropenia, infections can rapidly become serious and life-threatening. It is essential to understand whether pregnancy induces changes in neutrophil levels thereby posing an increased threat to the health of gravidae.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in San Health District (Mali) and involved pregnant women infected or not by malaria parasites and non-pregnant healthy volunteers. Subjects were categorized as having neutropenia, normal neutrophil levels, and neutrophilia regarding their neutrophil levels. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors associated with neutrophil level variation in pregnant women.

Results: Whether or not the pregnant women were infected with malaria, 98 of the 202 cases (48.5%) showed neutrophilia. Surprisingly, 67 of the 71 cases of neutropenia (94.4%) observed in this study concerned healthy people who were not pregnant. The mean percentage of neutrophil levels was significantly (p < 0.001) lower (49.9%) in the first trimester compared to the second trimester of pregnancy (62.0%). A logistic regression model showed that compared to early pregnancy, the second (OR = 12.9, 95% CI 2.2-248.1, p = 0.018) and the third trimesters (OR = 13.7, 95% CI 2.3-257.5, p = 0.016) were strongly associated with the increase of neutrophil levels.

Conclusions: Pregnancy can induce the production of mature neutrophils that are continually released into circulation. Neutrophil levels were lower during the first trimester of the pregnancy compared to the second and third trimesters, but not affected by the presence or absence of malaria infection.

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Published

2024-04-30

How to Cite

1.
Djimde M, Arama C, Koné B, Diakité H, Keita M, Samaké MD, Tembely B, Bagayoko B, Traoré MB, Tshiongo JK, Mavoko HM, Dicko A, Vaillant M, Mens PF, Schallig HD, Kayentao K (2024) Assessment of the impact of pregnancy and malaria infection on the variation of neutrophil levels in women from San, Mali. J Infect Dev Ctries 18:627–635. doi: 10.3855/jidc.18409

Issue

Vol. 18 No. 04: April 2024

Section

Original Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Moussa DJIMDE, Charles Arama, Bouréma Koné, Hamadoun Diakité, Mohamed Keita, Mamadou Diaoulé Samaké, Bréhima Tembely, Balla Bagayoko, Mohamed B. Traoré, Japhet Kabalu Tshiongo, Hypolite Muhindo Mavoko, Alassane Dicko, Michel Vaillant, Petra F. Mens, Henk D. F. H. Schallig, Kassoum Kayentao

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