Yearly incidence of acute childhood gastroenteritis in Nigeria: Implicated pathogens predominantly harbor blaCTXM and blaTEM genes

Ebuka Elijah David; Ikechuku Okorie Igwenyi; Ifeanyichukwu Romanus Iroha; Eghosa Lucky Emumwen; Christian Emmanuel Offor; Okechukwu Jerry Orji; Franklyn Chinwe Igwe; David Chukwu Obasi; Jeff Onochie Nkama; Boniface Oke; Moses Eji Ogbanshi

doi:10.3855/jidc.18716

Yearly incidence of acute childhood gastroenteritis in Nigeria: Implicated pathogens predominantly harbor blaCTXM and blaTEM genes

Authors

Ebuka Elijah David Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6903-6392
Ikechuku Okorie Igwenyi Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Ifeanyichukwu Romanus Iroha Department of Microbiology, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Eghosa Lucky Emumwen Department of Pediatrics, St Patrick’s Hospital, Mile 4 Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Christian Emmanuel Offor Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Okechukwu Jerry Orji Department of Microbiology, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Franklyn Chinwe Igwe Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
David Chukwu Obasi Department of Biochemistry, Evangel University, Akaeze, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Jeff Onochie Nkama Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Afikpo
Boniface Oke Department of Microbiology, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Moses Eji Ogbanshi Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.18716

Keywords:

Bacillus sp, emesis, enterotoxigenic, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, gastroenteritis

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Routine use of antibiotics for infectious diarrhea in children is associated with the risk of increasing antibiotic resistance in developing countries. This work aimed to study the predominant extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes among bacteria pathogens implicated in acute childhood gastroenteritis in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

Materials and Methods: The stool samples of children diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis were collected. Isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens from the stool samples using standard microbiological and molecular sequencing methods. Pure cultures of the probable bacteria pathogens were subjected to antibiotics susceptibility profiling using the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Method and also screened for ESBL and AmpC using the Modified Double Disc Synergy Test. Primers for 5 different ESBL genes associated with beta-lactam antibiotic resistance were amplified and sequenced. Results: Out of the 62 isolates, the highest number of organisms identified within the isolates were Bacillus sp at 38.7% (24) followed by Alcaligenes sp at 37% (23). Resistance to cefepime and ceftazidime were recorded at 50.8% (30) each. Ceftriaxone and cefotaxime were resisted in 47.4% (28) of the isolates. Out of 34 isolates resistant to all the cephalosporins used, 41.2% (14) were ESBL-producing, of which bla_CTXM-1and bla_CTXM_-₂ were detected in 85.7%, while bla_TEM was seen in 64.3%.

Conclusions: bla_CTXMand bla_TEM may be the predominant ESBL genes haboured in the bacteria pathogens implicated in the yearly incidence of acute childhood gastroenteritis in Nigeria. This may be due to the widespread use of antibiotics in treating this disease.

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Published

2025-01-31

How to Cite

David EE, Igwenyi IO, Iroha IR, Emumwen EL, Offor CE, Orji OJ, Igwe FC, Obasi DC, Nkama JO, Oke B, Ogbanshi ME (2025) Yearly incidence of acute childhood gastroenteritis in Nigeria: Implicated pathogens predominantly harbor blaCTXM and blaTEM genes. J Infect Dev Ctries 19:40–48. doi: 10.3855/jidc.18716

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Issue

Vol. 19 No. 01: January 2025

Section

Original Articles

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