Hepatitis B vaccination in Burkina Faso: prevalence of HBsAg carriage and immune response in children in the western region

Authors

  • Armel Moumouni Sanou Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
  • Abdoul Kader Ilboudo Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
  • Clément Ziemlé Meda Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé (INSSA), Université NAZI BONI, Burkina Faso
  • Augustin Togozia Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
  • Abou Coulibaly Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
  • Assana Cisse Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
  • Tani Sagna Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
  • Dramane Kania Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
  • Zekiba Tarnagda Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.10433

Keywords:

Hepatitis B vaccine, children, HBsAg, anti-HBs Abs, Burkina Faso

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major health problem in Burkina Faso. To control and prevent HBV infection, Hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in the national expanded program in 2006. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of HBsAg in children aged under 10 years after one decade of universal hepatitis B vaccination, and the immune response among these children.

Methodology: Between May and October 2015, a cross-sectional study was conducted among children in two primary healthcare centers in the western region of Burkina Faso. Participants were enrolled in Accart-Ville Healthcare Center in Bobo-Dioulasso (urban area) and the Healthcare Center of the village of Djigouera (rural area). Blood samples were collected from all children and analysed for the presence of HBsAg and anti-HBs antibodies (Abs). For HBsAg positive children, blood samples were also taken among their mothers for screening for HBsAg.

Results: A total of 265 children were included in this study. The mean age was 4.4 years. HBsAg was found in 3.4% (9/265) of children. Of the 9 HBsAg positive children, 5 had HBsAg positive mothers. From the 265 children tested for quantification of anti-HBs Ab titer, 219 (82.6%) were fully vaccinated and 135 (61.6%) of them had an anti-HBs ≥ 10 mIU/mL.

Conclusion: Despite a good vaccination coverage (82.6%), a considerable proportion of vaccinated children remains unprotected from HBV infection. That emphasizes the need for further strengthening of the vaccination program through implementing the birth dose of HBV vaccine as recommended by WHO.

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Published

2018-11-30

How to Cite

1.
Sanou AM, Ilboudo AK, Meda CZ, Togozia A, Coulibaly A, Cisse A, Sagna T, Kania D, Tarnagda Z (2018) Hepatitis B vaccination in Burkina Faso: prevalence of HBsAg carriage and immune response in children in the western region. J Infect Dev Ctries 12:1002–1008. doi: 10.3855/jidc.10433

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Original Articles