Rifampicin resistant tuberculosis in presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Dubti Hospital, Afar, Ethiopia

Authors

  • Gebremedhin Bizayene Gebrehiwet Afar Regional Laboratory, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
  • Atsebeha Gebrekidan Kahsay Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
  • Letmichael Negash Welekidan Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
  • Amlsha Kahsay Hagos Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
  • Getahun Kahsay Abay Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
  • Dawit Gebreegziabiher Hagos Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.10462

Keywords:

RIF resistant MTB, Presumptive TB, Risk factors

Abstract

Introduction: Ethiopia stood third in drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in Africa, and more than 5,000 MDR-TB patients are reported each year. Greater than 90% of rifampicin (RIF) resistant strains are resistant to isoniazid (INH) and hence the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of RIF resistant MTB among presumptive TB cases at Dubti General Hospital, Afar, Ethiopia.

Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, 384 presumptive TB cases were recruited and a structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. Sputum samples were collected and examined using X-pertMTB/RIF assay. Bivariate, multivariate logistic regressions, and fishers' exact analysis were done to assess the associations between the prevalence of TB and MDR-TB with different socio-demographic and clinical variables.

Results: In the present study, the overall prevalence of pulmonary TB was 24.5% (94/384), of this 4 (4.3%) isolates were resistant to RIF. History of anti-TB treatment (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.3-4.4 and TB contact (AOR = 3.6, 95% CI: 2.1-6.2 were significantly associated with gene X-pert MTB/RIF positive TB. Moreover, resistance to rifampicin was statistically associated with the history of TB contact with multi-drug resistant TB (P = 0.027) and khat chewer cases (P = 0.04).

Conclusions: The overall prevalence of TB and its drug-resistant were relatively higher than that of in the general population in Ethiopia. History of anti-TB treatment and TB contact were significantly associated with X-pert MTB/RIF positive MDR-TB.

Author Biographies

Gebremedhin Bizayene Gebrehiwet, Afar Regional Laboratory, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia

Dubti Hospital Afar

Atsebeha Gebrekidan Kahsay, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia

Mekelle University, College of health Sciences, Departemnet of Medical Microbiology and Immunology

Letmichael Negash Welekidan, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia

Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology

Amlsha Kahsay Hagos, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia

Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology

Getahun Kahsay Abay, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia

Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology

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Published

2019-01-31

How to Cite

1.
Gebrehiwet GB, Kahsay AG, Welekidan LN, Hagos AK, Abay GK, Hagos DG (2019) Rifampicin resistant tuberculosis in presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Dubti Hospital, Afar, Ethiopia. J Infect Dev Ctries 13:21–27. doi: 10.3855/jidc.10462

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 01: January 2019

Section

Original Articles

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