Drug resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from patients with nosocomial pneumonia at Tehran hospitals during 2009-2011

Authors

  • Mehri Haeili Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • Arash Ghodousi Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • Bijan Nomanpour Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • Maryam Omrani Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.2604

Keywords:

nosocomial pneumonia, drug resistance, Acinetobacter baumanniii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Tehran hospitals

Abstract

Introduction: Nosocomial pneumonia remains an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Surveillance programs play an important role in the identification of common etiologic agents and local patterns of antimicrobial resistance.

Methodology: In this study we determined the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens isolated from patients with nosocomial pneumonia during 2009 to 2011.

Results: A total of 642 bacteria were isolated from 516 suspected samples. Acinetobacter baumannii (21.1%, n = 136), was the commonest isolated pathogen followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.4%, n = 112), Staphylococcus aureus (15.8%, n = 102) and enterococci (8.4% n = 54). The most effective therapeutic agents against A. baumannii were polymyxin B (95.5% susceptible), ceftriaxone/tazobactam (72% susceptible) and levofloxacin (52.9% susceptible). Polymixin B (89.2% susceptible), ceftriaxone/tazobactam (89.2% susceptible) and piperacillin-tazobactam (80.3% susceptible) were found to be the most active agents against P. aeruginosa. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases were detected among isolates of K. pneumoniae (45.4%) and E. coli (20.3%). Overall, the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin resistant enterococci were 80.4% and 40.7% respectively. Linezolid was found to be the most active antibiotic against these pathogens. The etiology of 50% of the nosocomial infection cases was polymicrobial.

Conclusions:  The combination of ceftriaxone/tazobactam seems to be beneficial agent against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli isolated form respiratory tract infections. The results of our study can be used for guiding appropriate empiric therapy in this geographic region.

Author Biography

Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Profesor in Microbiology

Department of Microbiology

School of Medicine

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Published

2013-04-17

How to Cite

1.
Haeili M, Ghodousi A, Nomanpour B, Omrani M, Feizabadi MM (2013) Drug resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from patients with nosocomial pneumonia at Tehran hospitals during 2009-2011. J Infect Dev Ctries 7:312–317. doi: 10.3855/jidc.2604

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Section

Original Articles