Isolation of poliovirus shedding following vaccination in children with antibody deficiency disorders

Authors

  • Nermeen M Galal Cairo University Specialized Paediatric Hospital, Cairo University, Egypt
  • Laila Bassiouny Regional Laboratory for Enteroviruses, World Health Organization, The Holding Company for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA), Cairo, Egypt
  • Eman Nasr Regional Laboratory for Enteroviruses, World Health Organization, The Holding Company for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA), Cairo, Egypt
  • Naglaa Abdelmeguid Regional Laboratory for Enteroviruses, World Health Organization, The Holding Company for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA), Cairo, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.2372

Keywords:

primary immunodeficiency, poliomyelitis, prolonged shedding

Abstract

Introduction: Prolonged excretion of oral poliovirus may occur in primary antibody deficiency states. Those patients who persistently excrete the virus may pose the risk of aiding viral propagation in the environment. This study therefore aimed to identify the potential for prolonged poliovirus shedding by patients diagnosed with congenital antibody deficiency disorders.

Methodology: A cohort of children later diagnosed with antibody deficiency disorders was included in the study. Patient history was taken for each participant, with emphasis on vaccination data. Laboratory investigations included immunoglobulin profiles and stool sample collection at one month intervals from each patient, with follow-up for six months. The virus isolates were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and molecular reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques.

Results: On the initial sample screens, one patient revealed excretion one for Sabin-like strain 1 (SL1) and one patient revealed excretion for Sabin like strain 2 (SL2). Only one patient continued to shed the virus (SL1) on three successive samples and on follow-up. There was no correlation between the level of immunoglobulins and duration of virus shedding.

Conclusion: The study demonstrates the low occurrence of prolonged vaccine polioviruses shedding in a group of children exposed to a live vaccine.

Author Biographies

Nermeen M Galal, Cairo University Specialized Paediatric Hospital, Cairo University, Egypt

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Laila Bassiouny, Regional Laboratory for Enteroviruses, World Health Organization, The Holding Company for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA), Cairo, Egypt

Regional laboratory for Enteroviruses, World Health Organization, The Holding Company for Biological Products & Vaccines (VACSERA ),Cairo ,Egypt

Eman Nasr, Regional Laboratory for Enteroviruses, World Health Organization, The Holding Company for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA), Cairo, Egypt

Regional laboratory for Enteroviruses, World Health Organization, The Holding Company for Biological Products & Vaccines (VACSERA ),Cairo ,Egypt

Naglaa Abdelmeguid, Regional Laboratory for Enteroviruses, World Health Organization, The Holding Company for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA), Cairo, Egypt

Regional laboratory for Enteroviruses, World Health Organization, The Holding Company for Biological Products & Vaccines (VACSERA ),Cairo ,Egypt

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Published

2012-12-15

How to Cite

1.
Galal NM, Bassiouny L, Nasr E, Abdelmeguid N (2012) Isolation of poliovirus shedding following vaccination in children with antibody deficiency disorders. J Infect Dev Ctries 6:881–885. doi: 10.3855/jidc.2372

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Section

Brief Original Articles