In vitro antitrichomonal activity of Satureja khuzestanica and main essential oil components carvacrol, thymol, and eugenol

Faezeh Karami; Dara Dastan; Mohammad Fallah; Mohammad Matini

doi:10.3855/jidc.16360

In vitro antitrichomonal activity of Satureja khuzestanica and main essential oil components carvacrol, thymol, and eugenol

Authors

Faezeh Karami Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Dara Dastan Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Mohammad Fallah Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Mohammad Matini Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1098-6382

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.16360

Keywords:

Carvacrol, eugenol, Satureja khuzestanica, thymol, Trichomonas vaginalis

Abstract

Introduction: Human trichomoniasis is a widespread sexually transmitted disease and the concern of drug resistance in the parasite is growing. Hence, this study was performed to evaluate in vitro antitrichomonal activity of Satureja khuzestanica, carvacrol, thymol, eugenol, and phytochemical evaluation of the S. khuzestanica oil.

Methodology: Extracts and essential oil of S. khuzestanica, and the components were prepared. Then, susceptibility testing was performed using the microtiter plate method and Trichomonas vaginalis isolates. The minimum lethal concentration (MLC) of the agents was determined in comparison with metronidazole. Also, the essential oil was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector.

Results: After 48 hours of incubation, carvacrol and thymol were the most effective antitrichomonal agents with MLC of 100 µg/mL, followed by the essential oil and hexanic extract (MLC = 200 µg/mL), then eugenol and methanolic extract (MLC = 400 µg/mL), in comparison with the metronidazole MLC of 6.8 µg/mL. Overall, 33 identified compounds accounted for 98.72% of the total essential oil composition with carvacrol, thymol, and p-cymene being the major constituents.

Conclusions: The results suggested the potency of S. khuzestanica and its bioactive ingredients against T. vaginalis. Thus, further in vivo studies are required to evaluate the efficacies of the agents.

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Published

2023-01-31

How to Cite

Karami F, Dastan D, Fallah M, Matini M (2023) In vitro antitrichomonal activity of Satureja khuzestanica and main essential oil components carvacrol, thymol, and eugenol. J Infect Dev Ctries 17:80–85. doi: 10.3855/jidc.16360

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Issue

Vol. 17 No. 01: January 2023

Section

Original Articles

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