Effects of vaccination on antibody level and duration of viral shedding in Omicron patients

Zhen Wan; Jing Han; Deyin Wang; Yonghui Li; Weixiang Zhai; Weikang Zhao; Xiaodong Zhang; Yi Xie

doi:10.3855/jidc.19160

Effects of vaccination on antibody level and duration of viral shedding in Omicron patients

Authors

Zhen Wan Haihe Hospital,Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
Jing Han Haihe Hospital,Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2360-1290
Deyin Wang Tianjin University of Finance and Economics, Tianjin, 300221, China
Yonghui Li Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
Weixiang Zhai Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin, 300222, China https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6877-2996
Weikang Zhao Haihe Hospital,Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
Xiaodong Zhang Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
Yi Xie Haihe Hospital,Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5672-3158

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.19160

Keywords:

COVID-19, vaccination, Omicron, antibody, infectivity

Abstract

Introduction: We compared the clinical characteristics of vaccinated and non-vaccinated Omicron patients in order to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methodology: This study included 360 patients diagnosed with COVID-19. The serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody levels of the patients and the duration of virus shedding were analyzed according to age, gender, vaccine dose, and the time from the most recent vaccination to the onset of Omicron infection.

Results: Age (OR = 0.974), days from last vaccination to onset ≤ 180 days (OR = 4.409), and booster dose of the vaccine (OR = 4.999) were protective factors associated with patients who were IgG antibody positive. The duration of virus shedding in IgG -antibody-positive patients was 9 (8-11) days; and this was significantly lower than that in IgG-antibody-negative patients, who had virus shedding duration of 10 (8-12) days (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Booster immunizations could increase IgG-antibody in patients who have already been infected with the Omicron variant and enhance immune protection. In addition, COVID-19 vaccination may shorten the duration of virus shedding.

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Published

2024-09-30

How to Cite

Wan Z, Han J, Wang D, Li Y, Zhai W, Zhao W, Zhang X, Xie Y (2024) Effects of vaccination on antibody level and duration of viral shedding in Omicron patients. J Infect Dev Ctries 18:S184-S190. doi: 10.3855/jidc.19160

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Issue

Vol. 18 No. 09.1: September 2024 -- SUPPLEMENT

Section

Coronavirus Pandemic

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