Diagnostic performance of biopsy-based methods for determination of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic Mozambican patients

Nashon D Majaliwa; Muhammad Ismail; Edília Botão; Carla Carrilho; Regina Victor; Luzmira Dimande; Sheila Machatine; Liana Mondlane; Elisa Taviani; Jorge MB Vítor; Filipa F Vale; Jahit Sacarlal

doi:10.3855/jidc.19518

Diagnostic performance of biopsy-based methods for determination of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic Mozambican patients

Authors

Nashon D Majaliwa Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7179-3912
Muhammad Ismail Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Central de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4625-9865
Edília Botão Department of Pathology, Hospital Central de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1881-9693
Carla Carrilho Department of Pathology, Hospital Central de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7309
Regina Victor Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Central de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0461-9024
Luzmira Dimande Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Central de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2577-9538
Sheila Machatine Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Central de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1074-0817
Liana Mondlane Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Central de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3760-8616
Elisa Taviani Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1025-0439
Jorge MB Vítor Pathogen Genome Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed-ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6486-3444
Filipa F Vale Pathogen Genome Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed-ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4635-0105
Jahit Sacarlal Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1059-217X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.19518

Keywords:

Helicobacter pylori, dyspepsia, endoscopy, rapid urease test, histopathology, PCR, Mozambique

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium capable of colonizing the human stomach, which can lead to various gastrointestinal conditions. Several invasive and non-invasive methods exist for diagnosing H. pylori; however, none can be considered the gold standard. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of three biopsy-based methods (rapid urease test - RUT, histopathology - HIST, and polymerase chain reaction - PCR) in diagnosing H. pylori, and to assess their combined effect in confirming the infection.

Methodology: Eighty dyspeptic patients were recruited for this study, and gastric biopsies were collected from each of them using upper digestive endoscopy. H. pylori was diagnosed using three biopsy-based methods: RUT, HIST, and PCR. RUT was performed using the commercially available PYLO DRYTM Kit, HIST was conducted with Hematoxylin & Eosin and Giemsa staining, and PCR was performed by amplifying the 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes. The patient had to test positive in at least two combined diagnostic methods to be confirmed as a case.

Results: The three biopsy-based methods (RUT, HIST, and PCR) showed positivity rates of 100% (80/80), 35% (28/80), and 65% (52/80), respectively. When all methods were combined to confirm H. pylori infection, 75% (60/80) of cases were confirmed, while the remaining 25% (20/80) were classified as undetermined, as they were positive only for RUT.

Conclusions: Despite slight differences, RUT and PCR performed well in diagnosing H. pylori compared to HIST. However, when all three methods were combined, they improved the accuracy of H. pylori diagnosis and infection confirmation.

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Published

2024-11-30

How to Cite

Majaliwa ND, Ismail M, Botão E, Carrilho C, Victor R, Dimande L, Machatine S, Mondlane L, Taviani E, Vítor JM, Vale FF, Sacarlal J (2024) Diagnostic performance of biopsy-based methods for determination of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic Mozambican patients. J Infect Dev Ctries 18:1702–1708. doi: 10.3855/jidc.19518

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Issue

Vol. 18 No. 11: November 2024

Section

Original Articles

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